Charlie's Water Balloons and the Chocolate Monsters book download
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. God did not talk to Moses to give him a science lesson, and even if he wanted to short of using magic powers to give Moses the ability to understand the real explanation God would have been stuck with giving a story book version of reality.Thursday ;s Free Books | Author Marketing ClubArts & Photography | Business & Investing | Children ;s Books | Christian Books & Bibles | Computers & Technology | Cookbooks, Food & Wine | Crafts, Hobbies & Home | Education & Reference | Health, Fitness & Dieting | History . The story features the adventures of young Charlie Bucket inside the. You can read together about . March 11, 2013 at 5:12 pm. . Then Charlie finds a golden ticket to go to the chocolate factory. Favorite . ;I always find that . It begins with a poor family who tries their best to keep light of things. "Oh, books, what books they used to know, Those children living long ago! . Water Balloon Drop Hit n Strip game - You live in a dark, seedy part . wrote that they wanted to publish it.The Sega Addicts Top 10 Hidden Gems on the DreamcastTaking a nod from other kart racing games, you had a variety of weapons at your disposal from bottle rockets and thumbtacks to oil slicks and water balloons . Berserk Button: Don ;t throw a snowball at her, do not throw a water balloon at her, and ; ; ;never ; ; ; call her ;fat ;. Balloon Decoration Ideas for a Little Boy's Birthday Party; Charlie and the Chocolate Factory (Book 2005) - Goodreads Charlie and the Chocolate Factory is a personal Roald Dahl favourite of mine,. Charlie and the Chocolate Factory (2005) - IMDb Title: Charlie and the Chocolate Factory (2005) 6.8 /10. . Show HTML View more styles. Books You ;d Unpack First | ShelfTalker - Publishers Weekly Charlie and the Chocolate Factory by Roald Dahl (interestingly, the one book that doesn ;t maybe belong on this shelf. Start reading Charlie's Water Balloons and the Chocolate Monsters on your Kindle in under a minute. You Know That Show - TV TropesThe book was about her feeelings and conflicts with her older sister and her baby sister Charlie , whose relationship with her is the main focus of the plot. Water Balloon Drop Hit n Strip online game - You live in a dark, seedy part of town. 12, 2013) - Kindle eBook Charlie and the Chocolate Factory - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Charlie and the Chocolate Factory is a 1964 children's book by British author Roald Dahl. silly monster March 13, 2013 at 3:09 pm
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Emmelie de Forest of Denmark performs her song "Only Teardrops" during a rehearsal for the final of the Eurovision Song Contest at the Malmo Arena in Malmo, Sweden, Friday, May 17, 2013. The contest is run by European television broadcasters with the event being held in Sweden as they won the competition in 2012, the final will be held in Malmo on May 18. (AP Photo/Alastair Grant)
Emmelie de Forest of Denmark performs her song "Only Teardrops" during a rehearsal for the final of the Eurovision Song Contest at the Malmo Arena in Malmo, Sweden, Friday, May 17, 2013. The contest is run by European television broadcasters with the event being held in Sweden as they won the competition in 2012, the final will be held in Malmo on May 18. (AP Photo/Alastair Grant)
Bonnie Tyler of Britain performs her song "Believe in Me" during a rehearsal for the final of the Eurovision Song Contest at the Malmo Arena in Malmo, Sweden, Friday, May 17, 2013. The contest is run by European television broadcasters with the event being held in Sweden as they won the competition in 2012, the final will be held in Malmo on May 18. (AP Photo/Alastair Grant)
Cezar of Romania performs the song "It's My Life" during a rehearsal for the final of the Eurovision Song Contest at the Malmo Arena in Malmo, Sweden, Friday, May 17, 2013. The contest is run by European television broadcasters with the event being held in Sweden as they won the competition in 2012, the final will be held in Malmo on May 18. (AP Photo/Alastair Grant)
Cezar of Romania performs the song "It's My Life" during a rehearsal for the final of the Eurovision Song Contest at the Malmo Arena in Malmo, Sweden, Friday, May 17, 2013. The contest is run by European television broadcasters with the event being held in Sweden as they won the competition in 2012, the final will be held in Malmo on May 18. (AP Photo/Alastair Grant)
Anouk of the Netherlands performs her song "Birds" during a rehearsal for the final of the Eurovision Song Contest at the Malmo Arena in Malmo, Sweden, Friday, May 17, 2013. The contest is run by European television broadcasters with the event being held in Sweden as they won the competition in 2012, the final will be held in Malmo on May 18. (AP Photo/Alastair Grant)
MALMO, Sweden (AP) ? An ethno-inspired flute and drum tune from Denmark is the bookmakers' favorite to win this year's Eurovision Song Contest on Saturday, which also features a bizarre opera pop number from Romania and an Armenian rock song written by the guitarist of Black Sabbath.
Yes, it's that time of the year again.
The televised pan-European extravaganza, known for its kitschy shows, bad taste and bizarre offerings, is still expected to be seen by about 125 million television viewers worldwide.
This year's contest is being hosted in Malmo, southern Sweden, following the victory of the Nordic country's contestant Loreen with "Euphoria" last year.
According to bookmakers, the hippie-chic Emmelie De Forest of Denmark is the favorite to win, driving the song "Only Teardrops" with her deep, Shakira-like voice. Her main challenge comes from the clean-cut techno pop tune "I Feed You My Love" by Norway's Margaret Berger, who rose to fame at home after becoming the runner-up in Norway's version of Pop Idol in 2004.
"I will be nervous before going on stage," De Forest said Friday. "I think we have a really good song that can take us far, but let's see, anything can happen."
Finland's Krista Siegfrid provided this year's controversy, ending her bouncy bubble-gum pop number "Marry Me" with a girl-on-girl kiss that some have interpreted as a stance promoting gay marriage. While the show will not raise eyebrows in most parts of Western Europe ? where Eurovision has long been a bastion of gay culture ? the act may jar sensitivities in parts of eastern and southern Europe.
"The fact is that Finland is the only country in the Nordic countries where gay marriage is not allowed, and I think that's wrong," Siegfrid told The Associated Press. "It's 2013 now and ... I can kiss anyone I want to. It shouldn't be a problem."
Swedish Foreign Minister Carl Bildt, who arrived in Malmo to watch the competition Saturday, said it is a unique event that unites Europe.
"We see the old Yugoslavia, now independent states, after a decade of war they always vote for each other in Eurovision, " Bildt said. "That I think is fun."
This year's competition also sees the return to the international stage of two seasoned European stars. "Total Eclipse of the Heart" singer Bonnie Tyler is representing Britain with "Believe In Me" while Anouk, whose song "Nobody's Wife" was a big hit in Europe in the 1990s, is singing the song "Birds" for The Netherlands.
Among the more notable performances is the Ukraine's Zlata Ognevich with her song "Gravity." Ognevich is carried onstage by the tallest man in the U.S. ? Ukrainian-born Igor Vovkovinskiy. Vovkovinskiy ? who stands 7 feet, 8 inches (234 centimeters) ?wobbles onstage in a fur and feathers, placing the fairy-like Ognevich on a rock where she stands for the rest of the performance.
There is also Armenian rock group Dorians, whose gloomy song "Lonely Planet" has been written by Black Sabbath guitarist Tony Iommi.
Romania's Cezar, who resembles a Dracula reborn as a high-pitched vocalist, is apparently a reputable opera singer, but is attempting a crossover opera pop number with techno beats and pyrotechnics. Three muscular male dancers in red body paint are delivered out of a large red cape.
Two semifinals this week have whittled down the contestants from 40 to 26. The winner is picked by juries and television viewers across the continent, and the winning nation will stage next year's event.
Having won five times, most famously with ABBA's Waterloo in 1974, Sweden is a veteran of Eurovision. This weekend it is taking the opportunity to showcase some of its big music acts. The opening of the competition is set to feature a song especially composed by Swedish super DJ Aviici, together with ABBA members Bjorn Ulveaus and Benny Andersson.
Yet the event ? with a price tag of around 153.5 million Swedish kronor ($23 million) ? won't measure up to last year's lavish competition hosted by oil-rich Azerbaijan in its capital, Baku.
"We have attempted to host Eurovision with less money to show that it is possible to do this without it being too painful for the host country," said Jan-Erik Westman, a spokesman of host broadcaster SVT.
The festive atmosphere was visible throughout the city of Malmo on Saturday, where residents and visitors blended on the streets waving the flags of their favorite countries.
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Associated Press television producer David MacDougall and Associated Press reporter Jan Olsen contributed to this report.
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Follow Malin Rising on Twitter: https://twitter.com/malinrising
There are many great holiday destinations throughout Europe for families travelling with small children with numerous activities designed to keep your young travellers entertained. Happily, there are also many low-cost airlines that offer special deals to families with kids so travelling needn?t cost a fortune either.
Here are a few prime European holiday spots that are perfect to visit as a family:
Rome
Photograph: Dane Larsen
Along with its ancient ruins, this Italian capital city features an abundance of entertaining activities for children to enjoy. Families can venture to the top of Janiculum Hill to get some of the best views of Rome while enjoying puppet shows during the summer months. Young children will likely get a thrill by tossing coins into the?Trevi Fountain. There are also plenty of ice cream shops throughout the city offering yummy gelato in many different flavours.
Hotel Lancelot and the Westin Excelsior are among the top lodging facilities for families with small children. Spring and early summer are generally the best times of year to visit Rome.
Paris
Photograph: Sathish
Even though this illustrious French city is often thought of as a holiday destination for romantics, Paris is also a great place to travel with kids. People of all ages enjoy riding the elevators up to the observation decks of the Eiffel Tower and looking out onto the exquisite surrounding cityscape. The Jardin des Tuileries, a vast garden space leading up to the entrance of the Louvre, is a popular place for children to run and play around the calm pools of water. Rare wildlife creatures can be seen inside the popular zoo known as the Menagerie. The city is also home to an abundance of carousels. And if that?s not enough, then Disneyland Paris is located just beyond the city limits.
Children will be warmly greeted at lodging facilities such as the Royal Magda Etoile Hotel, the Hotel Grand Fran?ais and the Hotel Residence Foch. The late spring and early autumn months are generally the most ideal times to visit Paris.
Seville
Photograph: Robinkrumins
This exciting city located in the southern part of Spain is a virtual playground for young children. Isla de La Cartujua, an island situated in the Guardaluivir River, is home to the popular Isla M?gica water park. The lovely city park known as Parque Mar?a Luisa features sweet-smelling orange trees, a bike rental shop and a series of children?s playgrounds. Children can learn more about different types of birds and mammals by visiting the Zool?gico de Carmona.
Families who choose to visit Seville in the early spring can take part in the lively Holy Week and April Fair festivals. The city also features family hotels such as Hotel Alminar and Giralda Suites.
Munich
Photograph: Tony Triolo
Young travellers are sure to enjoy this beautiful German city. The Freizeitpark M?rchenwald is an enchanting forest featuring the images of many beloved fairytale characters and is one of the city?s best attractions for kids. The Zirkus Krone is the largest circus company in Europe and frequently puts on shows in the city. The tower of the Altes Rathause located in the renowned Marienplatz city square contains a museum filled with toys. Children who wish to see some dinosaur fossils can visit the Paleontological Museum. The Oktoberfest celebration in the fall features games and activities suitable for children.
Families who visit in December can see the bright lights and colourful decorations featured at the outdoor Christmas Market. Some of the best hotels for children in Munich include the Platzl Hotel and the Hotel Concorde.
I don?t know about you but I think Munich has most to the top of my ?must visit? list. But to go for Oktoberfest or the Christmas markets? Decisions, decisions.
BALTIMORE (AP) ? Orb came up short in the Preakness, frustrating everyone who made the Kentucky Derby winner a 3-5 favorite ? no one more than trainer Shug McGaughey.
"I'm disappointed," McGaughey said after Orb finished fourth and Oxbow pulled off the upset Saturday.
"I'll be more disappointed tomorrow than I am right now. I know the game. It is highs and lows. Probably more lows than highs."
McGaughey and Orb were certainly on a high in the two weeks since the Derby. The colt had trained sensationally ahead of the Preakness, fanning hopes that a horse was finally going to end the Triple Crown drought that dates back to Affirmed in 1978.
Orb needed a Preakness win to set the stage for a Triple try three weeks later in the Belmont Stakes. He couldn't deliver, despite the outpouring of support at Pimlico as fans cheered loudly when he led the post parade.
He never settled into a groove. Orb broke from the rail and didn't seem comfortable being surrounded by horses.
In the Derby, Orb unleashed a breathtaking rally around the final turn, circling the field on a sloppy track to win by 2? lengths.
But there was no explosive move in the Preakness, only a mild kick in the late stages to make a dull effort appear a little better than it was.
"The pace was slower than I anticipated," McGaughey said. "I thought maybe they would speed it up, but they didn't. I still thought he would close into it, but it just wasn't his day."
McGaughey, as gracious as he's been throughout the Orb run, saluted fellow Hall of Fame trainer D. Wayne Lukas on the victory.
"We had a great run two weeks ago," McGaughey said. "My hats off to Wayne, winning his sixth Preakness. That's a pretty remarkable record."
McGaughey will take Orb back to his home base at Belmont Park and figure out the next move. He is left with the feeling that something special slipped away.
"I would be disappointed anytime you had this kind of opportunity, and didn't get it done," he said.
The loss ended Orb's five-race winning streak that included victories in the Fountain Of Youth Stakes and Florida Derby at Gulfstream Park. He was the 5-1 favorite in the Kentucky Derby, and that impressive win dropped his Preakness odds.
Orb was only McGaughey's third Preakness starter, and first since 1989 when Easy Goer, also a 3-5 favorite, lost by a nose to Sunday Silence.
BISMARCK, N.D. (AP) -- Gasoline prices are on the rise and headed to a record in North Dakota.
The average price of gas in the state could reach $4.15 per gallon in the coming days, breaking the July 2008 record of $4.08, according to North Dakota AAA spokesman Gene LaDoucer.
Several large refineries that feed the region are down for maintenance or upgrades, and a recent fire at a refinery in Minnesota also has contributed to the supply problems, he said.
"There's never a good time for gas to be above $4, but especially not around Memorial Day," LaDoucer said. "A lot of families are looking to get out of town, but some of them may need to alter their plans."
A gallon of regular unleaded gas already was at $4.24 per gallon at some gas stations in the Bismarck-Mandan area on Friday, shattering the city's record of $4.07 per gallon set five years ago. Some gas stations in Jamestown and Fargo have even run out of fuel, according to North Dakota Petroleum Marketers Association President Mike Rud.
LaDoucer said the supply problems should be short term.
"When one part of the country has a problem with supply, some of the slack can be picked up by other regions," he said. "At some point, enough supply should make its way into the market to stop the bleeding."
When the refineries are back up and running, prices could fall 30-50 cents per gallon as quickly as they rose, according to LaDoucer. However, that isn't likely to happen before Memorial Day.
"A lot of motorists, myself included, are looking forward to prices getting back down to a more normal rate," he said.
LaRae Stark is one of them.
"It's horrible. I hate it. I want it back to when I was a kid, when it was like 89 cents a gallon," Stark said Thursday in Bismarck.
Other drivers are taking the increase in stride.
"You've got to have gas," said Jon Hinseth in Bismarck. "What are you going to do?"
BEIRUT (AP) ? Rights activists visiting abandoned government prisons in the first Syrian city to come under rebel control have found torture devices and other evidence that detainees were abused there, Human Rights Watch said in a report Friday.
Raqqa, in eastern Syria, was overrun in late February by rebels fighting to topple President Bashar Assad. The rebels facilitated the New York-based group's access to facilities that had belonged to a government security agency and military intelligence in late April.
In Russia, Foreign Minister Sergei Lavrov defended his country's continuing arms shipments to Syria, saying they violate no international norms. His statement followed media reports claiming that Russia had recently delivered an advanced version of Yakhont anti-ship cruise missiles to Syria.
Russia has been one of Syria's strongest allies and, along with China, has vetoed three Western-backed resolutions proposed to the United Nations that aimed to pressure Assad to end the violence.
Lavrov, speaking after his talks with U.N. Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon in the Black Sea resort of Sochi, avoided specific comment on the Yakhont or other weapons deals, but insisted that the deliveries don't violate any international treaties.
Asked about Western criticism of Russia over its missiles sales to Syria, Lavrov said: "I don't understand why the media are trying to make a sensation out of it. We haven't tried to conceal that we have been supplying weapons to Syria under contracts signed earlier without violating any international treaties and Russian laws."
He insisted that Russia is providing Syria "primarily with defensive weapons, air defense systems." Lavrov said that such weapons shipments don't tilt the balance of power in the region and can't be used by the Syrian regime to fight the rebels in the country's civil war.
In Washington, State Department spokeswoman Jennifer Psaki told reporters that "it seems that these cases that were reported this morning have been previously reported." She added that "we're not aware of new shipments of these specific missiles."
Also Friday, a squadron of five Russian navy ships from the Pacific Fleet arrived in the port city of Limassol in the Mediterranean island of Cyprus, a Russian navy statement said. The Admiral Panteleyev destroyer, two amphibious landing vessels, a tanker and a tugboat have replaced a previous group of Russian navy ships that have sailed back home.
Russia has pledged to revive a permanent presence in the Mediterranean its navy had during Soviet times. Rotating squadrons of Russian navy ships have visited the area repeatedly over the past two years in what was seen as a demonstration of their military's global reach and a gesture of support for Syrian President Bashar Assad's regime.
Some observers said Moscow could use the amphibious landing ships included in most squadrons to evacuate equipment and military personnel from the Russian base in the Syrian port of Tartus, the only such outpost Russia has outside the Soviet Union.
Military experts say the deployments stretch the capability of the Russian navy, which has only started to recover from its post-Soviet decline and has only a few ships capable of taking part in such missions.
Human Rights Watch said its researchers found physical evidence that Syrians were tortured, including with a device which former detainees said was used to stretch or bend victims' arms and legs. The group also found documents indicating Raqqa residents were detained for legal actions like demonstrating or helping the injured.
Rights groups and opposition activists have long claimed that civilians have been detained arbitrarily, tortured, and sometimes have disappeared since the uprising against Assad's regime began. HRW's findings appear to be one of the largest discoveries of physical evidence bolstering those claims to date.
"The documents, prison cells, interrogation rooms, and torture devices we saw in the government's security facilities are consistent with the torture former detainees have described to us," said Nadim Houry, deputy Middle East director for HRW.
HRW has been documenting abuses on both sides of Syria's civil war during the 26 months of conflict.
The group says abuses by the Assad regime remain far more deadly, systematic and widespread, including attacks on civilians with indiscriminate battlefield weapons such as widely banned cluster bombs. But the rights group also says rebel abuses have increased in frequency and scale in recent months.
In Raqqa, the group's researchers inspected the State Security and Military Intelligence branches and three other detention centers formerly managed by Criminal Security, Political Security, and Air Force Intelligence. Government forces abandoned all these institutions, which are now controlled by the rebels, the group said.
Four former detainees said that officers and guards tortured them, HRW said.
In one method of torture the HRW report details, the victim is tied to a flat board, sometimes in the shape of a cross. In some cases guards stretched or pulled their limbs or folded the board in half so that their face touched their legs, causing pain.
Syria's conflict started as a peaceful uprising in March 2011. It became an armed conflict when opposition supporters took up arms to fight a brutal government crackdown on dissent.
At least 70,000 people have been killed and millions forced out of their homes. In Geneva, the U.N. refugee agency said the number of Syrian refugees has surpassed the 1.5 million mark.
Over the past year Syria has gradually descended into lawlessness, with a spike of kidnappings in largely rebel-controlled northern Syria as well as the government-held capital. Residents blame criminal groups that have ties to both the regime and the opposition for the abductions of wealthy residents traveling to Syria from neighboring Turkey and Lebanon.
On Friday, the Syrian Observatory for Human Rights expressed "grave concern" for two bishops who were abducted last month and have not been heard of since.
Gunmen pulled Bishop Boulos Yazigi of the Greek Orthodox Church and Bishop John Ibrahim of the Assyrian Orthodox Church from their car and killed their driver on April 22 while they were traveling outside the northern city of Aleppo. It was not clear who abducted the priests. No group has publically claimed it is holding the clerics.
According to the Britain-based activist group, the two were picked up at a checkpoint in Kfar Dael by Arabic-speaking foreign fighters believed to be from Chechnya.
In a statement, the Observatory called on both sides in the civil war to secure their release.
The group also said a suicide attacker blew up his car at an army checkpoint near the town of Tiba al-Imam in the central province of Hama, killing at least five soldiers. State news agency SANA said the bomber drove a tanker truck and that the attack killed two civilians and wounded four.
The Observatory and state media also reported clashes in the southern province of Daraa, where the uprising began, mostly in the town of Hirak. Syrian state TV said that among the rebels killed was a Jordanian citizen, known by the nom de guerre of Abu Zubair. It said he was a local commander of Jabhat al-Nusra, which is designated a terrorist group by the United States.
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Associated Press writers Vladimir Isachenkov in Moscow and Matthew Lee in Washington contributed to this report.
"The Source Family" ? A documentary about Father Yod (center, with his 13 wives in 1973) and his attempt to create a utopian community in Southern California. Courtesy Isis Aquarian Archives
Hippies didn?t get much more hip than the members of the California cult depicted in the fascinating and freaky documentary "The Source Family."
It starts in the early 1970s with a Sunset Strip health-food restaurant that drew celebrities such as Warren Beatty and John Lennon to sample its organic goods. Those working the restaurant were all followers of Father Yod, a larger-than-life spiritual leader who taught a mishmash of religious beliefs and fronted his own rock band (whose music makes up the film?s soundtrack). But Yod?s beliefs ? which include amassing 14 wives and preaching about an impending apocalypse ? alienate some followers (including his first wife, Mother Yod) and draw attention from authorities.
?
HHH
?The Source Family?
Opens Friday, May 10, at the Tower Theatre; not rated, but probably R for nudity, sexuality, drug use and language; 98 minutes.
Directors Maria Demopoulos and Jodi Wille use a wealth of archival material and get insightful interviews from former disciples, some still believers and other highly skeptical, that illuminate both Yod?s strange aura and the ?70s travails that made the leader?s message so attractive.
movies@sltrib.com; www.sltrib.com/entertainment
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DES MOINES, Iowa (AP) ? So you didn't win Wednesday's $360 million Powerball jackpot? Make that you and everyone else.
A message early Thursday on the multistate lottery's website said the jackpot has soared to $475 million after no tickets matched the winning numbers in Wednesday night's drawing.
The winning numbers drawn Wednesday night: 2, 11, 26, 34, 41 and a Powerball of 32. The next drawing will be held Saturday.
Wednesday's jackpot was considered the third largest in Powerball history and the seventh largest overall.
Lottery officials expect jackpot totals of this size to continue to climb in shorter amounts of time, thanks in part to a game redesign in January 2012 that increased the odds of winning some kind of prize, but also lowered the possible number combinations to win the Powerball.
There's also "cross-selling" of Powerball and Mega Millions tickets ? states being able to sell both Powerball tickets and Mega Millions tickets ? that began in January 2010. As a result, large jackpots will continue to surpass all-time jackpot records set years ago, said Mary Neubauer, spokeswoman for the Iowa Lottery. Iowa is one of the founding Powerball states.
"It usually took a handful of months, if not several months, for a jackpot to reach this large amount," she said. "Now it's achieving that within a handful of weeks. I think the redesign is achieving exactly what we had wanted it to achieve, which is the bigger, faster-growing jackpot."
The redesign means players don't necessarily have to strike big to get lucky. A $1 increase and new $1 million and $2 million prizes means the odds of winning something have increased. Just last Saturday, there was no Powerball jackpot winner, but more than a dozen tickets won $1 million prizes in 10 states.
In fact, more than half of the all-time jackpot records have been reached in the last three years. The top two all-time jackpots ? $656 million from a Mega Millions jackpot and $587.5 million from a Powerball jackpot ? were achieved in 2012.
The last major jackpot win came when a New Jersey man won a $338.3 million jackpot on March 23. It is now considered the fourth largest Powerball jackpot in history.
Players aren't complaining about the large sums. That just gets them thinking.
"I'd hire someone to tell me what to do with the money," said R.J. Konyek, 36, an engineer for Union Pacific in Omaha, Neb. "I'd definitely be up for the challenge (of spending the jackpot)."
Insurance agent Joe Williams, of Middleton, Wis., is trying like so many others to get lucky with Powerball. He won $500 several years ago and now wants to score a little higher. Williams doesn't necessarily spend more when the prize is high. But his $4 investment in the quick-pick option means he does spend.
"I know rationally it makes no sense," he said. "But at the same time, without a ticket, I have zero chance."
Ervin Torok, a truck driver from Sioux Falls, S.D., also is looking for his second chance. He won a $500 prize a few years back.
"You never know," Torok, 52, said while checking some lottery tickets from a gas station. "Maybe one day you'll get lucky and win."
Tom Powers, 52, a janitor from Omaha, Neb., bought several tickets Tuesday from a convenience store. He said he would definitely walk away from work if he won the jackpot, but he's not sure how he would spend all the winnings.
"It's really unfathomable the amount of money this is putting out," Powers said.
The next drawing is scheduled for Wednesday night. The jackpot has a $229.2 million cash value.
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Associated Press writers Kevin Wang in Madison, Wis., Kristi Eaton in Sioux Falls, S.D., and Josh Funk in Omaha, Neb., contributed to this report.
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Follow Barbara Rodriguez at http://twitter.com/bcrodriguez
Parker Adair works the Powerball machine at a Baker's supermarket in Omaha, Neb., Wednesday, May 15, 2013.
By Andrew Rafferty, Staff Writer, NBC News
Nope, you didn't win.?
There was no Powerball winner in Wednesday night's drawing for the $360 million jackpot, the third-largest prize ever, Sue Dooley, an official with the Multi-State Lottery association said.?
The next drawing will be Saturday May 18 for a grand prize of $475 million.?
The winning numbers for the jackpot were 02-11-26-34-41, with Powerball 32.
Powerball tickets are sold in 43 states.
The biggest jackpot ever totaled $587.5 million. That?unbelievable sum was?split between two tickets on Nov. 28. New Jersey resident Pedro Quezada won the fourth-largest Powerball prize ever in March, taking home a $338 million jackpot.
If you couldn't match these numbers, you might not be totally out of luck. A game redesign last year made such gargantuan prizes more common and raised the price of a ticket to $2.
There?s a one in 175.2 million chance of anyone's winning the grand prize, according to Powerball.
This story was originally published on Wed May 15, 2013 11:18 PM EDT
MOSCOW (AP) ? Russian state television has aired footage provided by Russia's security services claiming that another alleged American spy was expelled earlier this year.
Russia on Tuesday ordered a U.S. diplomat to leave the country after the FSB claimed to have caught him red-handed trying to recruit a Russian agent in Moscow. The FSB alleges that Ryan Fogle, a third secretary at the U.S. Embassy, works for the CIA.
In the footage aired Wednesday, a man identified only as an FSB operative and sitting in near darkness said a "CIA operative" was expelled in January.
Creative may hope to rival Jawbone's Jambox with its new colorfully geometric Bluetooth speakers, the Airwave and Airwave HD. NFC-enabled Bluetooth speakers aren't exactly news, so Creative is playing catch-up with its NFC-capable Airwave series. Users can pair NFC-equipped devices to the Airwave by simply tapping the phone against the speaker, while an integrated microphone allows for use as a speakerphone -- devices not packing NFC can connect via Bluetooth manually. The Airwave HD can support two NFC-connected devices but it sacrifices about five hours of playback compared to the less powerful Airwave, which can go 12 hours between charges.
Creative is taking a fresh approach with its styling by offering the Airwave line in a variety of colors including pink, blue, green, and red. This new design theme is echoed in Creative's Hitz headsets, which will feature an in-line microphone housing playback and volume controls. Though there's no word yet on a stateside release, the Airwave and Airwave HD will be available in Singapore in June for SG$129 (US$103) and SG$199 (US$160) respectively and the Hitz line will launch in July, with prices ranging from SG$49 (US$39) to SG$89 (US$72). For more information, see the full press release after the break.
While global attention has for decades been focused on reducing maternal mortality, population-based data on other causes of death among women of reproductive age has been virtually non-existent. A study conducted by researchers at the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health found that non-communicable diseases accounted for 48 percent of 1,107 investigated female deaths in rural Bangladesh between 2002 and 2007. The findings lend urgency to review global health priorities to address neglected and potentially fatal non-communicable diseases affecting rural women in South Asia. The study is published in the May 2013 edition of the British Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology.
For the study, researchers surveyed a population of more than 130,000 women of reproductive age in Bangladesh using a pregnancy surveillance system established during the JiVitA-1 community-based maternal vitamin A or beta-carotene supplementation trial. The researchers prospectively recorded deaths among enrolled women. Employing a modified World Health Organization verbal autopsy method, physicians interviewed families at home about the events and circumstances leading up to the death of each woman. A separate set of physicians independently reviewed the verbal autopsies to ascertain the primary cause of death: 22 percent were related to pregnancy, 17 percent due to infection and 9 percent attributable to injuries (both unrelated to pregnancy), while 48 percent of the fatalities were assigned to non-communicable diseases, among which circulatory system diseases and cancer were the top causes.
?While reducing mortality from pregnancy remains a high priority, these findings highlight the need to address and reduce the risk of death unrelated to pregnancy among women of reproductive age. The causes and risk factors need to be better understood to design interventions to reduce risk, likely focusing on nutrition, health education, early screening and health care for rural women in their prime of life,? said Alain Labrique, PhD, assistant professor in the Bloomberg School?s Department of International Health and lead author of the study.
?Beyond pregnancy - the neglected burden of female mortality in young women of reproductive age in Bangladesh: a prospective cohort study? was written by Alain B. Labrique, Shegufta S. Sikder, Lee Wu, Mahbubur Rashid, Hasmot Ali, Barkat Ullah, Abu A. Shamim, Sucheta Mehra, Rolf Klemm, Hashina Banu, Keith P. West, Jr., and Parul Christian. The manuscript can be accessed at: http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/1471-0528.12245/abstract.
Financial support for the research was provided by the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation to the Center for Human Nutrition in the Department of International Health at the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health. Original trial support came from the U.S. Agency for International Development, with additional support from the Sight and Life Research Institute. Partial support for this data analysis was provided by the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health through a Global Field Experience Fund, a Framework Award in Global Health (Center for Global Health), and a Delta Omega Scholarship (Delta Omega Honor Society).
Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health media contact: Tim Parsons at 410-955-7619 ortmparson@jhsph.edu.
Simply because you do not know everything about do-it-yourself doesn?t suggest you can?t find out more. There are plenty of things that you could learn in order to build innovative skills and generate greater success at your residence projects. Get more understanding of the various projects you might complete at your residence, starting with your home improvement tips in the following paragraphs.
Should you not curently have some, install some fans in your rooms. You can use those to cool rooms and circulate the environment, reducing the necessity to make use of your air conditioning unit. As a result you will save cash your electric bill and many likely boost the endurance of the ac.
Never install non-operable windows after a do-it-yourself effort. Aside from picture windows or large, exotic glazing, every standard-sized window should be capable to opening. In spite of climate, for every home you will have times of year and times for the day when cracking your window open is the greatest form of air conditioning. http://ac-heating-experts-ranchocucamonga.us/residential-airconditioning.php
Consider yourself before visual aesthetics when starting home improvements. A pond with your front yard may be nice, but getting your child fall in and drown can be horrifying. You may want to put in a desk, however the money could be be better invested in installing air conditioning in a Florida home.
Keep your fans circulating, or invest in some if you do not currently make use of them. Rooms are kept more cool with all the circulating air produced by fans. Furthermore, the use of them instead of air conditioning on days past that aren?t scorching, the amount of energy consume is reduced, helping you to enjoy lower electric power bills.
If your snow on your roof melts very quickly, check the insulation with your attic. Snow shouldn?t melt in any respect on a roof as long as the attic is keeping the temperature in your house along with the cold outside. Replacing the insulation will even lessen your heating bills as the heat is no longer used to warm-up the attic also.
An incredible do-it-yourself project that you will save a bundle is always to put in a programmable thermostat. These thermostats can let you program in many different different settings so that you are choosing your heating and air conditioning system only when it?s needed and without needing to monitor it constantly.
Clean or replace the filters on your home?s heating and air conditioning system. Dirty filters increase the risk for system less capable. Often filter cleaning or replacement is a very easy job that could be done by the homeowner. Even when you have to hire a professional, you likely recoup the costs relatively quickly. www.ac-heating-experts-ranchocucamonga.us/residential-airconditioning.php
Install fans to disperse heat and cooling better throughout your home. Throughout the mild seasons, fans can provide each of the cooling you will need. Through the entire colder winter time, your fans can disseminate the nice and cozy air from the heating system faster, lowering expensive heating costs.
If you possibly could think of a fantastic do-it-yourself project, you can also do what can be done to put an idea into action. The ideas in the following paragraphs, if applied, can get you on a fantastic start. So, precisely what are you awaiting? Get started immediately!
WASHINGTON (Reuters) - The U.S. government intends to revive a vacant position coordinating policy for the military prison camp for foreign terrorism suspects at Guantanamo Bay, Cuba, and is looking at candidates, Attorney General Eric Holder said on Tuesday.
President Barack Obama is facing renewed pressure from foreign governments and human rights advocates to close the prison who assail it as a lasting stain on the United States' international reputation.
Obama last month renewed his years-old pledge to try to close the camp, where the United States is holding about 166 detainees, in most cases without charge or trial. Some detainees have been there since 2002 and scores are on hunger strike in protest against their indefinite detention.
In January, the U.S. State Department reassigned the special envoy, Daniel Fried, who had been in charge of trying to persuade countries to take Guantanamo inmates approved for transfer and no one was assigned to take his place. The vacancy was viewed by many Guantanamo inmates and rights group as a strong sign that Obama did not consider closing the prison a priority.
"We're in the process of working on that now. We're looking at candidates," Holder told a news conference. However, he did not say who the candidates were to fill the position of coordinating Guantanamo, or whether the person eventually appointed would work at the State Department, the White House or elsewhere.
Holder, the highest U.S. law enforcement official and an Obama appointee, has supported using the civilian courts to put some of the remaining detainees on trial.
The administration will make "a renewed effort to close Guantanamo," Holder said, citing the prison's high cost and the impact on U.S. relations with other nations.
(Reporting by David Ingram; Editing by Howard Goller and Christopher Wilson)
This is Strikeforce champion Tarec Saffiedine's two-year-old son, and he has some training to do on this laundry basket. Check out his technique on low kicks. Clearly, he has been watching Daddy and learning from him. The older Saffiedine is making his UFC debut in July against Robbie Lawler. Will he be as effective as his son is against the laundry?
This Feb. 20, 2008 photo provided by the United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) shows insects for sale at a market in Chiang Mai, Thailand. The U.N. has new weapons to fight hunger, boost nutrition and reduce pollution, and they might be crawling or flying near you right now: edible insects. The Food and Agriculture Organization on Monday, May 13, 2013, hailed the likes of grasshoppers, ants and other members of the insect world as an underutilized food for people, livestock and pets. A 200-page report, released at a news conference at the U.N. agency's Rome headquarters, says 2 billion people worldwide already supplement their diets with insects, which are high in protein and minerals, and have environmental benefits. (AP Photo/Arnold Van Huis, FAO, ho)
This Feb. 20, 2008 photo provided by the United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) shows insects for sale at a market in Chiang Mai, Thailand. The U.N. has new weapons to fight hunger, boost nutrition and reduce pollution, and they might be crawling or flying near you right now: edible insects. The Food and Agriculture Organization on Monday, May 13, 2013, hailed the likes of grasshoppers, ants and other members of the insect world as an underutilized food for people, livestock and pets. A 200-page report, released at a news conference at the U.N. agency's Rome headquarters, says 2 billion people worldwide already supplement their diets with insects, which are high in protein and minerals, and have environmental benefits. (AP Photo/Arnold Van Huis, FAO, ho)
This undated photo provided by the United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) shows a plate with insects during an insect cuisine competition at an unknown location in Laos. The U.N. has new weapons to fight hunger, boost nutrition and reduce pollution, and they might be crawling or flying near you right now: edible insects. The Food and Agriculture Organization on Monday, May 13, 2013, hailed the likes of grasshoppers, ants and other members of the insect world as an underutilized food for people, livestock and pets. A 200-page report, released at a news conference at the U.N. agency's Rome headquarters, says 2 billion people worldwide already supplement their diets with insects, which are high in protein and minerals, and have environmental benefits. (AP Photo/Thomas Calame, FAO, ho)
Eva Muller, Director of United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) Forest Economic Policy and Products Division, speaks during a press conference to launch a report on edible insects, in Rome, Monday, May 13, 2013. The U.N. has new weapons to fight hunger, boost nutrition and reduce pollution, and they might be crawling or flying near you right now: edible insects. FAO on Monday hailed the likes of grasshoppers, ants and other members of the insect world as an underutilized food for people, livestock and pets. A 200-page report, released at a news conference at the U.N. agency's Rome headquarters, says 2 billion people worldwide already supplement their diets with insects, which are high in protein and minerals, and have environmental benefits. (AP Photo/Domenico Stinellis)
Gabon's Minister of Water Affairs and Forestry Gabriel Tchango speaks during a press conference to launch a report on edible insects, in Rome, Monday, May 13, 2013. The U.N. has new weapons to fight hunger, boost nutrition and reduce pollution, and they might be crawling or flying near you right now: edible insects. FAO on Monday hailed the likes of grasshoppers, ants and other members of the insect world as an underutilized food for people, livestock and pets. A 200-page report, released at a news conference at the U.N. agency's Rome headquarters, says 2 billion people worldwide already supplement their diets with insects, which are high in protein and minerals, and have environmental benefits. (AP Photo/Domenico Stinellis)
This undated photo provided by the United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) shows a packaging containing locusts for sale in the Netherlands. The U.N. has new weapons to fight hunger, boost nutrition and reduce pollution, and they might be crawling or flying near you right now: edible insects. The Food and Agriculture Organization on Monday, May 13, 2013, hailed the likes of grasshoppers, ants and other members of the insect world as an underutilized food for people, livestock and pets. A 200-page report, released at a news conference at the U.N. agency's Rome headquarters, says 2 billion people worldwide already supplement their diets with insects, which are high in protein and minerals, and have environmental benefits. (AP Photo/Paul Vantomme, FAO, ho)
ROME (AP) ? The latest weapon in the U.N.'s fight against hunger, global warming and pollution might be flying by you right now.
Edible insects are being promoted as a low-fat, high-protein food for people, pets and livestock. According to the U.N., they come with appetizing side benefits: Reducing greenhouse gas emissions and livestock pollution, creating jobs in developing countries and feeding the millions of hungry people in the world.
Some edible insect information in bite-sized form:
WHO EATS INSECTS NOW?
Two billion people do, largely in Asia, Africa and Latin America, the Rome-based U.N. Food and Agriculture Organization said Monday as it issued a report exploring edible insect potential.
Some insects may already be in your food (and this is no fly-in-my-soup joke). Demand for natural food coloring as opposed to artificial dyes is increasing, the agency's experts say. A red coloring produced from the cochineal, a scaled insect often exported from Peru, already puts the hue in a trendy Italian aperitif and an internationally popular brand of strawberry yogurt. Many pharmaceutical companies also use colorings from insects in their pills.
PACKED WITH PROTEIN, FULL OF FIBER
Scientists who have studied the nutritional value of edible insects have found that red ants, small grasshoppers and some water beetles pack (gram-per-gram or ounce-per-ounce) enough protein to rank with lean ground beef while having less fat per gram.
Bored with bran as a source of fiber in your diet? Edible insects can oblige, and they also contain useful minerals such as iron, magnesium, phosphorous, selenium and zinc.
WHICH TO CHOOSE?
Beetles and caterpillars are the most common meals among the more than 1,900 edible insect species that people eat. Other popular insect foods are bees, wasps, ants, grasshoppers, locusts and crickets. Less popular are termites and flies, according to U.N. data.
ECO-FRIENDLY
Insects on average can convert 2 kilograms (4.4 pounds) of feed into 1 kilogram (2.2 pounds) of edible meat. In comparison, cattle require 8 kilograms (17.6 pounds) of feed to produce a kilogram of meat. Most insects raised for food are likely to produce fewer environmentally harmful greenhouse gases than livestock, the U.N. agency says.
DON'T SWAT THE INCOME
Edible insects are a money-maker. In Africa, four big water bottles filled with grasshoppers can fetch a gatherer 15 euros ($20). Some caterpillars in southern Africa and weaver ant eggs in Southeast Asia are considered delicacies and command high prices.
Insect-farms tend to be small, serving niche markets like fish bait businesses. But since insects thrive across a wide range of locations ? from deserts to mountains ? and are highly adaptable, experts see big potential for the insect farming industry, especially those farming insects for animal feed. Most edible insects are now gathered in forests.
LET A BUG DO YOUR RECYLING
A 3 million euro ($4 million) European Union-funded research project is studying the common housefly to see if a lot of flies can help recycle animal waste by essentially eating it while helping to produce feed for animals such as chickens. Right now farmers can only use so much manure as fertilizer and many often pay handsome sums for someone to cart away animal waste and burn it.
A South African fly factory that rears the insects en masse to transform blood, guts, manure and discarded food into animal feed has won a $100,000 U.N.-backed innovation prize.
___
Details about the U.N. Food and Agriculture Organization's work on edible insects at www.fao.org/forestry/edibleinsects
Follow Frances D'Emilio at http://twitter.com./fdemilio
Seth Meyers replaces Fallon: Seth Myers has been tabbed to replace Jimmy Fallon as 'Late Night' show host starting next year. As Seth Meyers replaces Fallon, current 'Late Night' host Fallon will be taking Jay Leno's spot as host of the 'Tonight' show.
By David Bauder,?Associated Press / May 13, 2013
Seth Meyers (r.) replaces Jimmy Fallon (l.) as host of 'Late Night' on NBC.
Chris Pizzello/AP
Enlarge
Seth Meyers is moving from his "Weekend Update" desk to his own late night show on NBC.
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The network said Sunday that the 12-year "Saturday Night Live" cast member will replace Jimmy?Fallon at the 12:35 a.m. "Late Night" show next year. Fallon is moving up an hour as Jay Leno's replacement on the "Tonight" show.
Meyers was considered the lead candidate for the "Late Night" job ever since Fallon's promotion was announced. The announcement solidifies Lorne Michaels as the comedy kingmaker at NBC. He'll be the executive in charge of "Late Night," ''Tonight" and "Saturday Night Live," which will all originate from New York's Rockefeller Center.
Meyers, 39, has been the head writer at "Saturday Night Live" for eight seasons. He's in his seventh year as "Weekend Update" host, to which he devotes all of his on-air time now.
And like Fallon before him, Meyers is making the move from "Weekend Update" to "Late Night."
"We think Seth is one of the brightest, most insightful comedy writers and performers of his generation," said Bob Greenblatt, NBC entertainment chairman. His topical comedy is "perfect for the 'Late Night' franchise," he said.
The late-night show began with David Letterman in 1982, and its other hosts have been Conan O'Brien and Fallon.
Meyers is a Northwestern University graduate and began his comedy career in Chicago. His chief television competition will be Craig Ferguson on CBS and "Nightline" on ABC. Like television in general, the late-night audience has dispersed in several directions, with DVR viewing of shows taped earlier a big alternative at night.
Late-night comedy is one of the NBC's few strong suits, with "Saturday Night Live" often drawing a bigger audience than most of what the network airs in prime-time. With Meyers' appointment, NBC is hoping for a smooth transition to a younger generation.
"I only have to work for Lorne for five more years before I pay him back for the time I totaled his car," Meyers quipped. "12:30 on NBC has long been incredible real estate. I hope I can do it justice."
Behind the scenes, Michael Shoemaker will remain with "Late Night" as producer, NBC said.
Nano-breakthrough: Solving the case of the herringbone crystalPublic release date: 12-May-2013 [ | E-mail | Share ]
Contact: Nicole Casal Moore ncmoore@umich.edu 734-647-7087 University of Michigan
ANN ARBOR---Leading nanoscientists created beautiful, tiled patterns with flat nanocrystals, but they were left with a mystery: Why did some sets of crystals arrange themselves in an alternating, herringbone style? To find out, they turned to experts in computer simulation at the University of Michigan and the Massachusetts Institute of Technology.
The result gives nanotechnology researchers a new tool for controlling how objects one-millionth the size of a grain of sand arrange themselves into useful materials---and a means to discover the rest of the tool chest. A paper on the research is published online May 12 in Nature Chemistry.
"The excitement in this is not in the herringbone pattern, it's about the coupling of experiment and modeling, and how that approach lets us take on a very hard problem," said Christopher Murray, the Richard Perry University Professor and professor of chemistry at the University of Pennsylvania.
Murray's group is renowned for making nanocrystals and arranging them into larger crystal superstructures.
Ultimately, researchers want to modify patches on nanoparticles in different ways to coax them into more complex patterns. The goal is a method that will allow people to imagine what they would like to do and then design a material with the right properties for the job.
"By engineering interactions at the nanoscale, we can begin to assemble target structures of great complexity and functionality on the macroscale," said U-M's Sharon Glotzer, the Stuart W. Churchill Collegiate Professor of Chemical Engineering.
Glotzer introduced the concept of nanoparticle "patchiness" in 2004. Her group uses computer simulations to understand and design the patches.
Recently, Murray's team made patterns with flat nanocrystals made of heavy metals, known to chemists as lanthanides, and fluorine atoms. Lanthanides have valuable properties for solar energy and medical imaging, such as the ability to convert between high- and low-energy light.
They started by breaking down chemicals containing atoms of a lanthanide metal and fluorine in a solution, and the lanthanide and fluorine naturally began to form crystals. Also in the mix were chains of carbon and hydrogen that stuck to the sides of the crystals, stopping their growth at sizes of around 100 nanometers, or 100 millionths of a millimeter, at the largest dimensions. By using lanthanides with different atomic radii, they could control the top and bottom faces of the hexagonal crystals to be anywhere from much longer than the other four sides to non-existent, resulting in a diamond shape.
To form tiled patterns, the team spread a thin layer of nanocrystals and solvent on top of a thick fluid. As the solvent evaporated, the crystals had less space available, and they began to pack together.
The diamond shapes and the very long hexagons lined up as expected, the diamonds forming an Argyle-style grid and the hexagons matching up their longest edges like a foreshortened honeycomb. The hexagons whose sides were all nearly the same length should have formed a similar squashed honeycomb pattern, but instead, they lined up in more complicated, alternating herringbone style.
"Whenever we see something that isn't taking the simplest pattern possible, we have to ask why," Murray said.
They posed the question to Glotzer's team.
"They've been world leaders in understanding how these shapes could work on nanometer scales, and there aren't many groups that can make the crystals we make," Murray said. "It seemed natural to bring these strengths together."
Glotzer and her group built a computer model that could recreate the self-assembly of the same range of shapes that Murray had produced. The simulations showed that if the equilateral hexagons interacted with one another only through their shapes, most of the crystals formed the foreshortened honeycomb pattern---not the herringbone.
"That's when we said, 'Okay, there must be something else going on. It's not just a packing problem,'" Glotzer said.
Her team, which included U-M graduate student Andres Millan and research scientist Michael Engel, then began playing with interactions between the edges of the particles. They found that that if the edges that formed the points were stickier than the other two sides, the hexagons would naturally arrange in the herringbone pattern.
The teams suspected that the source of the stickiness was those carbon and hydrogen chains---perhaps they attached to the point edges more easily. Since experimentation doesn't yet offer a way to measure the number of hydrocarbon chains on the sides of such tiny particles, Murray asked Ju Li, now the Battelle Energy Alliance Professor of Nuclear Science and Engineering at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, to calculate how the chains would attach to the edges at a quantum mechanical level.
Li's group confirmed that because of the way that the different facets cut across the lattice of the metal and fluorine atoms, more hydrocarbon chains could stick to the four edges that led to points than the remaining two sides. As a result, the particles become patchy.
"Our study shows a way forward making very subtle changes in building block architecture and getting a very profound change in the larger self-assembled pattern," Glotzer said. "The goal is to have knobs that you can change just a little and get a big change in structure, and this is one of the first papers that shows a way forward for how to do that."
The paper is titled "Competition of shape and interaction patchiness for self-assembling nanoplates."
Murray is also a professor of materials science and engineering. Glotzer is also a professor of materials science and engineering, macromolecular science and engineering, physics and applied physics. Li is also a professor of material science and engineering.
AAAS and EurekAlert! are not responsible for the accuracy of news releases posted to EurekAlert! by contributing institutions or for the use of any information through the EurekAlert! system.
Nano-breakthrough: Solving the case of the herringbone crystalPublic release date: 12-May-2013 [ | E-mail | Share ]
Contact: Nicole Casal Moore ncmoore@umich.edu 734-647-7087 University of Michigan
ANN ARBOR---Leading nanoscientists created beautiful, tiled patterns with flat nanocrystals, but they were left with a mystery: Why did some sets of crystals arrange themselves in an alternating, herringbone style? To find out, they turned to experts in computer simulation at the University of Michigan and the Massachusetts Institute of Technology.
The result gives nanotechnology researchers a new tool for controlling how objects one-millionth the size of a grain of sand arrange themselves into useful materials---and a means to discover the rest of the tool chest. A paper on the research is published online May 12 in Nature Chemistry.
"The excitement in this is not in the herringbone pattern, it's about the coupling of experiment and modeling, and how that approach lets us take on a very hard problem," said Christopher Murray, the Richard Perry University Professor and professor of chemistry at the University of Pennsylvania.
Murray's group is renowned for making nanocrystals and arranging them into larger crystal superstructures.
Ultimately, researchers want to modify patches on nanoparticles in different ways to coax them into more complex patterns. The goal is a method that will allow people to imagine what they would like to do and then design a material with the right properties for the job.
"By engineering interactions at the nanoscale, we can begin to assemble target structures of great complexity and functionality on the macroscale," said U-M's Sharon Glotzer, the Stuart W. Churchill Collegiate Professor of Chemical Engineering.
Glotzer introduced the concept of nanoparticle "patchiness" in 2004. Her group uses computer simulations to understand and design the patches.
Recently, Murray's team made patterns with flat nanocrystals made of heavy metals, known to chemists as lanthanides, and fluorine atoms. Lanthanides have valuable properties for solar energy and medical imaging, such as the ability to convert between high- and low-energy light.
They started by breaking down chemicals containing atoms of a lanthanide metal and fluorine in a solution, and the lanthanide and fluorine naturally began to form crystals. Also in the mix were chains of carbon and hydrogen that stuck to the sides of the crystals, stopping their growth at sizes of around 100 nanometers, or 100 millionths of a millimeter, at the largest dimensions. By using lanthanides with different atomic radii, they could control the top and bottom faces of the hexagonal crystals to be anywhere from much longer than the other four sides to non-existent, resulting in a diamond shape.
To form tiled patterns, the team spread a thin layer of nanocrystals and solvent on top of a thick fluid. As the solvent evaporated, the crystals had less space available, and they began to pack together.
The diamond shapes and the very long hexagons lined up as expected, the diamonds forming an Argyle-style grid and the hexagons matching up their longest edges like a foreshortened honeycomb. The hexagons whose sides were all nearly the same length should have formed a similar squashed honeycomb pattern, but instead, they lined up in more complicated, alternating herringbone style.
"Whenever we see something that isn't taking the simplest pattern possible, we have to ask why," Murray said.
They posed the question to Glotzer's team.
"They've been world leaders in understanding how these shapes could work on nanometer scales, and there aren't many groups that can make the crystals we make," Murray said. "It seemed natural to bring these strengths together."
Glotzer and her group built a computer model that could recreate the self-assembly of the same range of shapes that Murray had produced. The simulations showed that if the equilateral hexagons interacted with one another only through their shapes, most of the crystals formed the foreshortened honeycomb pattern---not the herringbone.
"That's when we said, 'Okay, there must be something else going on. It's not just a packing problem,'" Glotzer said.
Her team, which included U-M graduate student Andres Millan and research scientist Michael Engel, then began playing with interactions between the edges of the particles. They found that that if the edges that formed the points were stickier than the other two sides, the hexagons would naturally arrange in the herringbone pattern.
The teams suspected that the source of the stickiness was those carbon and hydrogen chains---perhaps they attached to the point edges more easily. Since experimentation doesn't yet offer a way to measure the number of hydrocarbon chains on the sides of such tiny particles, Murray asked Ju Li, now the Battelle Energy Alliance Professor of Nuclear Science and Engineering at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, to calculate how the chains would attach to the edges at a quantum mechanical level.
Li's group confirmed that because of the way that the different facets cut across the lattice of the metal and fluorine atoms, more hydrocarbon chains could stick to the four edges that led to points than the remaining two sides. As a result, the particles become patchy.
"Our study shows a way forward making very subtle changes in building block architecture and getting a very profound change in the larger self-assembled pattern," Glotzer said. "The goal is to have knobs that you can change just a little and get a big change in structure, and this is one of the first papers that shows a way forward for how to do that."
The paper is titled "Competition of shape and interaction patchiness for self-assembling nanoplates."
Murray is also a professor of materials science and engineering. Glotzer is also a professor of materials science and engineering, macromolecular science and engineering, physics and applied physics. Li is also a professor of material science and engineering.
AAAS and EurekAlert! are not responsible for the accuracy of news releases posted to EurekAlert! by contributing institutions or for the use of any information through the EurekAlert! system.
Photograph: Sathish
Photograph: Tony Triolo
For the study, researchers surveyed a population of more than 130,000 women of reproductive age in Bangladesh using a pregnancy surveillance system established during the JiVitA-1 community-based maternal vitamin A or beta-carotene supplementation trial. The researchers prospectively recorded deaths among enrolled women. Employing a modified World Health Organization verbal autopsy method, physicians interviewed families at home about the events and circumstances leading up to the death of each woman. A separate set of physicians independently reviewed the verbal autopsies to ascertain the primary cause of death: 22 percent were related to pregnancy, 17 percent due to infection and 9 percent attributable to injuries (both unrelated to pregnancy), while 48 percent of the fatalities were assigned to non-communicable diseases, among which circulatory system diseases and cancer were the top causes.![[ Back to EurekAlert! ]](https://lh3.googleusercontent.com/blogger_img_proxy/AEn0k_tZkJDaKjkQzg15csrbLKHAtpkobb_iCwEwPGeNLpv9hH7K8C5eLRxHDddI1I_d5Lwm7kaSt_hEosl0tHmUWb7FB8gZteW0U_CWg4yf8Mg=s0-d){kind=small}
Public release date: 12-May-2013
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